4.9. AFRICANS TAKE CENTER STAGE

EMPHASIS ON THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE MAKES AFRICANS VICTIMS, ALLIES OR OPPONENTS OF THE WHITES

They are secondary figures — the stars are Westerners. Yet the leading roles in fact belong to the fervent, ruthless and extremely dynamic raiders of a work force for the markets. 

Believing that outsiders exercised hegemony for centuries implies that it is natural and almost eternal. 

Showing that it has existed

 for but a few generations

points to its economic underpinnings

 and suggests that it will pass. 

Zoom

Painting of al-hajj Umar Tall on a Dakar wall.

*    * 

End of Part IV.

*      *      *

Part V,
Using the same method for France